Delyla is a combination drug that contains 2 female hormones (levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol) that prevent ovulation.
Contents:
Indications for use
- Oral contraception.
Mechanism of action
The drug depresses the pituitary secretion of gonadotropic hormones. The contraceptive effect is associated with several mechanisms. Progesterone interacts with receptors without preliminary metabolic transformations. Ethinyl estradiol blocks the releasing factors (luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone) of the hypothalamus, suppressing the secretion of the gonadotrophic hormones by the pituitary gland, which leads to inhibition of maturation and the release of the ovum ready for fertilization. The contraceptive effect is enhanced by ethinyl estradiol. The medication preserves high viscosity of the cervical mucus (making it difficult for sperm to enter the uterine cavity). With regular intake, levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol normalize the menstrual periods and help prevent a number of gynecological diseases. When ingested, the active substances are quickly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration of levonorgestrel in blood is reached in 2 hours, ethinyl estradiol – in 1.5 hours. Both components are excreted in breast milk. The active substances are metabolized in the liver.
Dosage and mode of application
Delyla tablets are used daily in the cyclic mode. Take 1 tablet per day, at the same time of a day, from the first day of the period, for 28 days, without interruption. Menstrual bleeding occurs during the period of taking 7 inert tablets. The next 28-day course should begin immediately one the same day of the week.
When switching to Delyla after another low-dose contraceptive, a similar scheme is used. When switching from a highly dosed preparation, do not take last 7 inert tablets.
Overdose
No cases of overdose have been reported. Possible symptoms of an overdose: nausea, vomiting, spotting, metrorrhagia. There is no specific antidote, treatment is symptomatic.
Side effects
Due to a low dosage of hormones, Delyla tablets are tolerated well by most women. In rare cases, the contraceptive may cause:
- headache;
- gastralgia;
- nausea;
- vomiting;
- engorgement of the mammary glands;
- weight gain;
- changes in libido;
- mood reduction;
- eyelid edema;
- skin rash;
- conjunctivitis;
- visual impairment;
- hearing loss;
- thrombophlebitis;
- thromboembolism;
- generalized itching;
- jaundice;
- intermenstrual bleeding;
- chloasma.
Contraindications
Delyla pills are contraindicated for use in the following conditions / diseases:
- hypersensitivity to levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol or other components of the drug;
- pregnancy;
- lactation;
- hepatic insufficiency;
- congenital hyperbilirubinemia (Gilbert syndrome, Dubin-Johnson and Rotor syndrome);
- liver tumors (hemangioma, liver cancer);
- thromboembolism (including history and increased risk of its development);
- cerebral circulation disorders (ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke);
- ischemic heart disease;
- atherosclerosis;
- heart disease;
- myocarditis;
- diabetes mellitus;
- retinopathy;
- angiopathy;
- sickle cell anemia;
- breast cancer and endometrium;
- endometrial hyperplasia;
- endometriosis;
- fibroadenoma and breast cancer;
- metrorrhagia;
- disorders of fat metabolism;
- jaundice or itching during a former pregnancy;
- otosclerosis with worsening during pregnancy;
- age over 40.
With caution:
- diseases of the liver and gallbladder;
- epilepsy;
- depression;
- ulcerative colitis;
- uterine fibroids;
- mastopathy;
- chorea;
- tetany;
- porphyria;
- multiple sclerosis;
- varicose veins;
- tuberculosis;
- kidney disease;
- adolescence (without regular ovulatory cycles).
Interactions
Barbiturates, anti-epileptic drugs (carbamazepine, phenytoin) can enhance the metabolism of non-in-steroid hormones. Reduction of the contraceptive effect is observed with simultaneous use with antibiotics (ampicillin, rifampicin), which is associated with a change in the microflora in the intestine. Efficiency decreases with regular excessive use of ethanol. When taking gestagen-estrogenic drugs, it may be necessary to correct the dosage regimen for hypoglycemic drugs.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Delyla is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.
What if I miss a pill?
If you miss a pill, you should take it within the next 12 hours, the next pills are taken at the usual time. If the interval between doses is more than 36 hours, the contraception cannot be considered reliable and in this case, it is recommended to additionally use another, non-hormonal method of contraception (for example, a condom) for two weeks. To avoid premature bleeding, Delyla should be taken until the end of the 28-day cycle.
Precautions
Use of birth control pills should be discontinued immediately with the onset of pregnancy, unusual migraines, early signs of phlebitis or phlebothrombosis (unusual pain or bloating of the veins on the legs), jaundice, visual impairment, cerebrovascular disorders, stitching pain of unclear etiology in breathing or coughing, pain and tightness in the chest, an increase in blood pressure, 3 months before the planned pregnancy and approximately 6 weeks before the planned surgical intervention or prolonged immobilization.
Efficiency decreases with regular excessive intake of ethanol.
Moderate spotting during the course does not require discontinuation of Delyla. With severe bleeding, the use of tablets should be discontinued. In this case, you need to consult a gynecologist.
Smokers who take hormonal contraceptive drugs have an increased risk of developing vascular diseases with serious consequences (myocardial infarction, stroke). The risk increases with age and depending on the number of cigarettes smoked (especially in women over 30).
When diarrhea / vomiting, a contraceptive effect of the drug may be reduced. In this case, you should keep on taking pills in your usual mode and use additional non-hormonal methods of contraception.
Before taking birth control pills and every 6 months, a general medical and gynecological examination is recommended (gynecological control, breast examination, liver function, blood pressure control and cholesterol concentration in the blood, urine analysis, cytological smear analysis). The medication may change the results of skin allergic tests, decrease the concentration of LH and FSH.
The use of Delyla after childbirth is recommended not earlier than the first normal menstrual cycle. In the lactation period, the release of milk may decrease. Levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol in small amounts are excreted in breast milk.